Regular physical activity may be associated with slower progression of Parkinson’s disease, including changes in movement, thinking and memory, according to a study published in the journal Neurology.
The findings highlight the potential importance of staying active for people living with the progressive neurological condition. However, researchers caution that the study does not prove exercise directly slows the disease.
Study Followed 294 People With Parkinson’s
Researchers examined 294 people with mild-to-moderate Parkinson’s disease, with an average age of around 66. Participants reported their physical activity levels, while researchers tracked their motor symptoms for up to seven years and cognitive performance for up to five years.
The study assessed activity at work, at home and during recreational activities.
More Than Eight Hours of Activity Showed Strongest Association
Participants were divided into three groups based on weekly activity: up to four hours, four to eight hours, and more than eight hours.
Those reporting more than eight hours of physical activity per week showed the slowest decline in cognitive performance and the slowest worsening of movement symptoms. The results suggest that overall activity levels may be important for people managing Parkinson’s.
Moderate Activity May Also Help
Physical activity does not necessarily mean intense gym sessions. Researchers included activities such as brisk walking, light swimming, household chores and recreational sports.
Vigorous activities included jogging, fast cycling and singles tennis. After accounting for total activity, vigorous exercise alone was not independently associated with long-term outcomes in the same way.
Exercise and Brain Health
Parkinson’s disease affects the nervous system and can cause tremors, stiffness, slowed movement and difficulties with balance. Some people also experience changes in thinking and memory.
Exercise is already encouraged as part of Parkinson’s care because it can help people maintain mobility and physical function. The new findings add to research exploring whether consistent activity is also associated with slower cognitive decline.
Researchers Highlight Important Limitations
The study was observational, meaning it identified an association rather than proving cause and effect. Participants also reported their own activity levels, which may not always have been accurate.
Another possibility is that people with milder symptoms and better-preserved cognitive abilities find it easier to remain active. Further studies are needed to determine whether increasing activity can directly influence disease progression.
What People With Parkinson’s Should Know
The findings support the importance of regular movement, but they do not establish eight hours a week as a universal target or guarantee slower disease progression.
People with Parkinson’s should choose activities suited to their abilities and consult their healthcare team before making significant changes to their exercise routine. A gradual, consistent approach may help them remain active safely.
The study offers encouraging evidence about physical activity and Parkinson’s, while highlighting the need for further research to confirm its long-term effects.